What is neurogenic bladder and how does it relate to overflow incontinence?

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Neurogenic bladder arises when the nerves that control bladder storage and emptying are damaged. This disruption can make the detrusor muscle fail to contract adequately to empty the bladder, or it can disturb the coordination between the detrusor and the urethral sphincter. As a result, urine can accumulate and the bladder becomes overfilled, leading to leakage that occurs because the bladder cannot empty properly—overflow incontinence. This explains why neural injury can cause both storage/emptying problems and the gradual leakage seen with overflow. The other statements don’t fit: increasing bladder capacity from smooth muscle relaxation isn’t the pattern of neurogenic bladder; infections causing urgency point to urge incontinence from detrusor overactivity; and congenital absence of the bladder is not what neurogenic bladder describes.